Dynamical scheme for computing the mass parameter of a system in a medium

The paper introduces a new method to extract mass parameters using time-dependent density functional theory, applicable to a wide range of physical systems. Applied to neutron star crusts, the method determines inertial and quadrupole mass parameters of nuclear impurities and compares them with hydrodynamic predictions. This approach paves the way for building effective models of neutron star crusts directly from microscopic calculations.