Dynamical signature of vortex mass in Fermi superfluids

Here, we show that, in Fermi superfluids, the normal component confined in the vortex core provides the vortex with a finite inertial mass. This inertia imparts an unambiguous signature to the dynamic behavior of vortices, specifically manifesting as small-amplitude transverse oscillations, which remarkably follow the prediction of a simple point-like model supplemented by an effective mass. We demonstrate this phenomenon through large-scale time-dependent simulations of Fermi superfluids, via the W-SLDA Toolkit, across a wide range of interaction parameters at both zero and finite temperatures and for various initial conditions. Our findings pave the way for exploring inertial effects in superfluid vortex dynamics.